316Ti stainless steel (EN 1.4571) is a titanium-stabilized austenitic grade designed to resist intergranular corrosion during welding and prolonged exposure at elevated temperatures, making it a dependable material for chemical, marine, and high-moisture process environments.
316Ti Stainless Steel (AISI 316Ti / ASTM A240 Type 316Ti)
Titanium Stabilization: ~0.5% Ti binds with carbon to suppress chromium carbide precipitation during welding or long-term heating.
Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Comparable to 316 in pitting, crevice corrosion, and chloride stress cracking.
Enhanced High-Temperature Stability: Superior intergranular corrosion resistance to 316/316L in 400–850 °C service.
Good Fabricability and Weldability: No post-weld heat treatment required in most cases.
Equivalent Grades
| Standard | UNS | EN | DIN | JIS | GB |
| Grade | S31635 | 1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | SUS316Ti | 022Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti |
Typical Chemical Composition (wt %)
| Element | C≤ | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ti | Mn≤ | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ |
| 316Ti | 0.08 | 16.0–18.0 | 10.0–14.0 | 2.0–3.0 | ≥5×C, ≤0.7 | 2 | 1 | 0.045 | 0.03 |
Ti content per ASTM A240 must be ≥5×C but ≤0.7%.
Mechanical Properties (ASTM A240, Room Temp.)
| Property | Value |
| Tensile Strength (UTS) | ≥ 515 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.2%) | ≥ 205 MPa |
| Elongation (50 mm) | ≥ 40 % |
| Brinell Hardness | ≤ 217 |
Typical Applications
- Chemical and petrochemical vessels, heat exchangers, towers
- Flue-gas desulfurization units, exhaust systems, boiler components
- Food, beverage, and dairy processing equipment
- Pulp and textile processing machinery
- Marine structural parts
- Pharmaceutical piping and tanks
Common Product Forms
- Hot-/cold-rolled sheet and coil
- Seamless & welded pipe, fittings (elbows, tees, reducers)
- Bar, forgings, shafts
- Weld neck, slip-on, blind flanges
- Fasteners (bolts, nuts)
- Welding wire & electrodes
316Ti vs 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
| Aspect | 316Ti (UNS S31635) | 2205 Duplex (UNS S32205) |
| Structure | 100 % Austenitic | ~50 % Ferrite + 50 % Austenite |
| Alloying | Cr 16–18, Ni 10–14, Mo 2–3, Ti ~0.5 | Cr 21–23, Ni 4.5–6.5, Mo 2.5–3.5, N 0.14–0.20 |
| Tensile (MPa) | ≥ 515 | 620–880 |
| Yield (MPa) | ≥ 205 | ≥ 450 |
| Elongation (%) | ≥ 40 | ≥ 25 |
| Hardness (HB) | ≤ 217 | ≤ 290 |
| PREN | ~24 | ~35–38 |
| Cl-SCC | Moderate | Excellent |
| Intergranular Resistance | Very good (Ti stabilization) | Very good (duplex + N) |
| Service Temperature | Continuous ~550 °C | Preferred ≤ 315 °C |
| Weldability | Excellent | Good (control heat input) |
| Magnetism | Nonmagnetic (slight after cold work) | Slightly magnetic |
| Typical Uses | Chemical, heat exchangers, FGD, boiler parts | Seawater systems, offshore, pressure vessels, slurry piping |
Note: 2205 offers roughly twice the strength and higher chloride resistance, while 316Ti maintains stability in 400–550 °C service and post-weld zones.
316Ti vs High-Temperature Alloys
| Aspect | 316Ti | Inconel 600 | Inconel 625 | Hastelloy C-276 | Alloy 800H/HT |
| Category | Austenitic SS | Ni-base HT alloy | Ni-base HT alloy | Ni–Mo–Cr HT/corrosion alloy | Fe–Ni–Cr HT alloy |
| Composition | Fe–Cr(16–18)–Ni(10–14)–Mo(2–3)–Ti(~0.5) | Ni>72, Cr14–17 | Ni58, Cr20–23, Mo8–10, Nb+Ta | Ni57, Mo15–17, Cr14–16, W3–4 | Fe39–46, Ni30–35, Cr19–23 |
| Continuous Temp. | ≤ 550 °C (short-term 870 °C) | 650–700 °C | 650–700 °C | 600–650 °C | 800–900 °C |
| Yield (MPa) | ~205 | ~240 | ~450 | ~283 | ~170 |
| Creep Strength | Moderate | Good | Excellent | Good | Outstanding |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good pitting/IGC | Oxidation, moderate chloride | Seawater, acids excellent | Strong acids, chlorides excellent | Oxidation, carburization excellent |
| Cost | Low | Higher | High | High | Medium–High |
| Applications | Chem. plants, heat exchangers, FGD, boiler gas | Furnace tubes, exchangers, aerospace | Seawater pumps, acid vessels | Chemical reactors, pickling | Petrochemical heaters, tooling |
| Classified as HT Alloy? | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
316Ti is not a true high-temperature alloy. It performs well up to ~550 °C in corrosive environments but lacks the creep strength and stability of Ni/Fe–Ni alloys above 650 °C.
By combining the corrosion resistance of 316 stainless steel with titanium stabilization, 316Ti bridges the gap between conventional stainless grades and more expensive nickel-based alloys, offering a cost-effective, weld-friendly solution for equipment exposed to medium-temperature, corrosive service.
FAQs – 316Ti Stainless Steel
316L controls sensitization by lowering carbon, while 316Ti achieves it through titanium stabilization, giving better resistance to intergranular corrosion during prolonged high-temperature service.
Yes, it performs well in low to moderate chloride environments; for severe chlorides or seawater, alloys such as 2205 duplex, Hastelloy C-276, or Inconel 625 are recommended.
Generally no—only stress-relief heat treatment is applied when specifically required by service conditions.
About 550 °C for continuous exposure and up to 870 °C for intermittent short-term exposure (with due attention to oxidation).
It is essentially nonmagnetic in the annealed condition, but slight magnetism may appear after significant cold working.
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